12/13/2023 0 Comments Johannes schneider color oracle![]() Georg Muche), created conflict with Walter Gropius who wanted to move the school in a direction that embraced mass production rather than solely individual artistic expression. Itten's mysticism and the reverence in which he was held by a group of the students, some of whom converted to Mazdaznan (e.g. ![]() He observed a strict vegetarian diet and practiced meditation as a means to develop inner understanding and intuition, which was for him the principal source of artistic inspiration and practice. Itten was a follower of Mazdaznan, a fire cult originating in the United States that was largely derived from Zoroastrianism. In 1924, Itten established the Ontos Weaving Workshops near Zurich, with the help of Bauhaus weaver Gunta Stölzl. Itten's so called " color sphere" went on to include 12 colors. He published a book, The Art of Color, which describes his ideas as a furthering of Adolf Hölzel's color wheel. In 1920 Itten invited Paul Klee and Georg Muche to join him at the Bauhaus. This involved using music and relaxation techniques with the aim of improving the students' creativity. In 1919 he invited Gertrud Grunow, to teach a course on the "theory of harmony" at the Bauhaus. His color contrasts include (1) contrast by hue, (2) contrast by value, (3) contrast by temperature, (4) contrast by complements (neutralization), (5) simultaneous contrast (from Chevreuil), (6) contrast by saturation (mixtures with gray), and (7) contrast by extension (from Goethe)." ![]() "Itten theorized seven types of color contrast and devised exercises to teach them. įrom 1919 to 1922, Itten taught at the Bauhaus, developing the innovative "preliminary course" which was to teach students the basics of material characteristics, composition, and color. From Hölzel, Itten adopted a series of basic shapes (the line, the plane, the circle, the spiral) as a means from which to begin creation, and the use of gymnastic exercises to relax his students and prepare them for the experiences that were to occur in the class. Itten opened a private art school in Vienna, using the work and textbook of Eugène Gilliard as a base. He was heavily influenced by Adolf Hölzel and Franz Cižek. In 1912, he returned to Geneva, where he studied under Eugène Gilliard, an abstract painter. Rather, he selected certain common mistakes to correct for the class as a whole. Itten adopted principles espoused by Schneider, including the practice of not correcting his students' creative work on an individual basis, for fear that this would crush the creative impulse. Itten's studies at the Bern-Hofwil Teachers' Academy with Ernst Schneider proved seminal for his later work as a master at the Bauhaus. In 1909 he enrolled at the École des Beaux-Arts in Geneva but was unimpressed with the educators there, and returned to Bern. Beginning in 1908 he taught using methods developed by the creator of the kindergarten concept, Friedrich Fröbel, and was exposed to the ideas of psychoanalysis. From 1904 to 1908 he trained as an elementary school teacher. He was born in Südern-Linden, Switzerland. Together with German-American painter Lyonel Feininger and German sculptor Gerhard Marcks, under the direction of German architect Walter Gropius, Itten was part of the core of the Weimar Bauhaus. ![]() Johannes Itten (11 November 1888 – 25 March 1967) was a Swiss expressionist painter, designer, teacher, writer and theorist associated with the Bauhaus ( Staatliches Bauhaus) school. Painting, Drawing, Color theory, Architecture
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